BEEPTHROATPublic records on the BeltLineThe Archive

Atlanta voted for rail on the BeltLine. Beep got the contract.

Public records trace how a $235 million voter mandate for light rail gave way to a $3 million driverless-shuttle pilot, and how the consultant who recommended the shuttles had already been introduced to the company that builds them.

Photo-illustration: a stylized autonomous shuttle with satirical signage reading “Greetings from Plan B.”
A satirical photo-illustration: the billboard and wall-art text are commentary added by BeepThroat, not real signage.Illustration by BeepThroat, after a Beep, Inc. image

In November 2016, more than seven in ten Atlanta voters approved the More MARTA referendum, a half-cent sales tax that set aside roughly $235 million to put light rail on the BeltLine.2016-MMNine years later, the corridor's first transit vehicle is not a streetcar. It is a driverless shuttle, built by a Florida company called Beep.

The path between those two facts runs through a procurement process, a consulting contract, and a chain of emails obtained through open-records requests. Read in sequence, the documents describe how Atlanta BeltLine Inc. commissioned a study of its transit options, hired a consultant named TYLin, and then announced that the consultant's preferred option was autonomous buses from Beep.TYLIN-RECWhat the public announcement did not say is that, months before the contract was signed, Beep's chief executive had personally introduced the BeltLine's president to that same consultant.TYLIN-101024 Each of these facts is a document you can open below. This story lays out the sequence; what it adds up to is for the reader, and for auditors, to weigh.

01A promise, then a pivot

Mayor Andre Dickenscampaigned in 2021 as a “transit mayor,” promising to complete BeltLine rail by 2030. As late as February 2025, he signaled the city should keep moving forward with Eastside rail.AJC-EDIT

Three weeks later, on March 13, 2025, Dickens stood at a MARTA board meeting and withdrew his support for Eastside BeltLine rail.REVERSAL-031325The reversal was not on the published agenda, and the alternatives study underpinning it was not made available to the public beforehand, which open-government advocates say runs afoul of Georgia's Open Meetings Act.

By the consultants' own rationale, autonomous buses would cost less than light rail to build, and less to operate.– TYLin's stated case for recommending Beep, as reported by the AJC · May 12, 2025

02The introduction

On October 10, 2024, two months before the BeltLine even issued its request for proposals, Beep CEO Joe Moye emailed BeltLine president Clyde Higgs to make a connection. “I wanted to introduce you to our partners at TYLin / Sam Schwartz,” Moye wrote, adding that Joe Iacobucci, the TYLin executive copied on the note, had already spoken with him “about the possible opportunity you mentioned regarding the various inputs to consider with light rail.”TYLIN-101024

The next day, a Beep senior vice president coordinated a Zoom meeting with BeltLine staff, copying Iacobucci.TYLIN-101124On December 11, 2024, the BeltLine issued the RFP for a Transit Improvement Plan.RFQ-121124TYLin won the contract, fully executed on April 25, 2025.TYLIN-CONTRACT Weeks later, TYLin named Beep (and Beep's partner Holon) as its preferred transit solution for the BeltLine.TYLIN-REC

03The relationship, in writing

After the contract was signed, the relationship did not stay at arm's length. On May 5, 2025, TYLin floated “a side trip to Lake Nona,” Beep's headquarters, to see a vehicle in person.TYLIN-050525 In April, Iacobucci had offered to use his professional network to help the BeltLine fill a staff position tied to the very study he was running.TYLIN-042125 By summer he was arranging podcast and panel appearances to promote the BeltLine and its AV pilot at the ITS World Congress.AV-PROMO-070825

Meanwhile, a 501(c)(4) called Better Atlanta Transit, formed in 2023 with undisclosed funding to oppose BeltLine rail, moved in lockstep with the mayor's reversal.BAT-FORMWithin two hours of Dickens's March 13 announcement, BAT president Walter Brown issued a statement praising it; that evening he emailed the mayor directly: “what you did today took courage… BAT stands behind you.”WB-031325

The full chronology, each dated event tied to a source, is below, followed by the money.

The Chronology

How the rail promise became a pilot

A scroll-driven record of the procurement, the relationships, and the reversal. Events flagged in orange are ones we read as showing an appearance of conflict: our characterization of the documents, not a legal finding.

Open full timeline
Nov 8, 2016
Referendum

Voters approve More MARTA

71% of Atlanta voters back a 0.5% sales tax for transit, including roughly $235M earmarked for BeltLine light rail.

More MARTA Referendum
2021
Political

Dickens runs as the “Transit Mayor”

Campaigns on a promise to complete BeltLine rail by 2030.

Dickens transit-mayor campaign
Jan 3, 2022
Political

Rail commitment reaffirmed at inauguration

Newly sworn-in Mayor Dickens reaffirms his commitment to BeltLine rail.

Dickens inaugural address
Jun 16, 2022
◆ Major News

Atlanta named a 2026 World Cup host city

FIFA selects Atlanta as one of 16 North American host cities for the 2026 World Cup, with matches at Mercedes-Benz Stadium. A bid-era analysis projected $415M in net economic benefit for the city, raising the stakes for visible transit on the corridor before the tournament.“Atlanta is a soccer town, and we’re excited to bring the game’s best athletes to the world’s best city.” – Mayor Andre Dickens

Atlanta selected as 2026 FIFA World Cup host city
Oct 2023
Opposition Group

Better Atlanta Transit formed

A 501(c)(4) with undisclosed funding organizes to oppose BeltLine rail.

Better Atlanta Transit formation
Feb 2024
Political

Dickens first signals concern about rail

Begins citing funding gaps and disruption while publicly maintaining support.

Dickens rail-feasibility concerns
Oct 10, 2024
◆ Appearance of conflict

Beep CEO introduces Higgs to TYLin

Two months before the RFP, Beep CEO Joe Moye connects BeltLine president Clyde Higgs with consultant TYLin. Joe Iacobucci is copied.“I wanted to introduce you to our partners at TYLin / Sam Schwartz… the possible opportunity you mentioned regarding the various inputs to consider with light rail.”

Tylin 101024 #2
Oct 11, 2024
◆ Appearance of conflict

Beep SVP schedules BeltLine meeting

A Beep senior VP forwards a Zoom invite for BeltLine staff, copying TYLin's Iacobucci.

Tylin 101124 #5
Dec 11, 2024
Procurement

BeltLine issues the RFP

Atlanta BeltLine Inc. solicits proposals for a Transit Improvement Plan, the RFP TYLin would win. The procurement's restricted-contact (quiet) window begins.

RFQ
Feb 17, 2025
Government Crisis

Inspector General resigns

Shannon Manigault resigns citing “threats, bullying, intimidation and harassment.” The same day, City Council restructures OIG oversight.

Inspector General resignation
Mar 13, 2025
◆ Appearance of conflict

Dickens withdraws support for Eastside rail

At a MARTA board meeting, Dickens reverses course. The item was not on the published agenda and the alternatives study was withheld from the public, an alleged Open Meetings Act violation.

Rail abandonment announcement
Mar 13, 2025
Coordination

BAT president emails the Mayor that night

Within two hours, Walter Brown praises the reversal publicly; by 8:13 PM he emails Dickens directly.“What you did today took courage, determination, and a sound analytical decision making process. BAT stands behind you.”

Walter Brown emails Dickens
Apr 25, 2025
Procurement

TYLin contract fully executed

The consulting services agreement for the transit study is signed. The restricted-contact window ends.

TYLin Consulting Services Agreement
May 5, 2025
◆ Appearance of conflict

TYLin floats a trip to Beep HQ

Mid-engagement, TYLin proposes a side trip to Lake Nona to view a vehicle in person.“This could also be an opportunity to take a side trip to Lake Nona to see the Holon vehicle.”

Tylin 050525 #2
May 12, 2025
◆ Appearance of conflict

TYLin names Beep the preferred solution

The consultant recommends autonomous buses from Beep and partner Holon as the preferred BeltLine transit solution.“Autonomous buses from Beep… were recommended by one of the consultants, TYLin, as the preferred solution for transit on the Beltline.” – AJC

TYLin preferred-solution recommendation
May 2025
Transit

BeltLine approves $3M Beep pilot

An autonomous-vehicle pilot for the Southwest Trail is funded.

Beep AV pilot approval
Jun 5, 2026
Transit

“ATL Spoke” shuttle carries first riders

The driverless shuttle opens to the public, linking MARTA West End to the BeltLine at Lee + White.

ATL Spoke launch
Follow the Money

What it cost, and who paid in

Figures drawn from campaign-finance disclosures and BeltLine procurement records. Bars animate from filed totals.

Sourced

Rail mandate vs. shuttle pilot

USD, committed
$0Mearmarked for BeltLine light rail (2016)
More MARTA rail earmark$235.0M
ATL Spoke grant (state)$1.75M
Beep AV pilot$3.0M
TYLin consulting contractTK

// TYLin contract value redacted in current release. Awaiting unredacted agreement. Swap in CSV: spending.csv

Follow the contributions

to Dickens / to BAT
Portman Holdings Jeffrey Portman · 3/12/2025
$2,800
Star-C board members 4 donors · org received $2M city funding
$13,050
1859 Fund → Better Atlanta Transit donation + $57k in fees
$10,000
DNC Travel Hospitality Services to Dickens · 11/2013
$2,500

// Partial view. Full contribution graph built from disclosure CSVs. Drop donations.csv to populate the “follow the money” visualization.

The Archive

Every claim, one record away

The full searchable archive (faceted filters, sortable columns, in-page viewer, permalinks) is live. Below: the documents cited in this story. Open any to read it in the archive.

Search the full archive
DOC-001
More MARTA Referendum (2016)Vote record
Open record →
DOC-002
TYLin Transit Improvement Plan recommendationSource document
Open record →
DOC-003
Tylin 101024 · Beep introduces Higgs to TYLinSource document
Open record →
DOC-004
Dickens reaffirms BeltLine rail commitment (1/3/2022)Source document
Open record →
DOC-005
Dickens AJC editorial board (2/2025)Source document
Open record →
DOC-006
Rail abandonment announcement (3/13/2025)Source document
Open record →
DOC-007
Tylin 101024 #2 · introduction emailEmail
Open record →
DOC-008
Tylin 101124 #5 · Beep SVP schedules meetingSource document
Open record →
DOC-009
RFQ · Mobility Improvement Plan (12/11/2024)Solicitation
Open record →
DOC-010
TYLin Consulting Services Agreement (4/25/2025)Contract
Open record →
DOC-011
TYLin preferred-solution recommendation (5/12/2025)Source document
Open record →
DOC-012
Tylin 050525 #2 · Lake Nona trip offerSource document
Open record →
DOC-013
Tylin 042125 · staffing offerSource document
Open record →
DOC-014
20250708 · Shaun Green AV promotionSource document
Open record →
DOC-015
Beep AV pilot approval ($3M, 5/2025)Board action
Open record →
DOC-016
ATL Spoke launch (6/5/2026)Public record
Open record →
DOC-017
Better Atlanta Transit formation (10/2023)Source document
Open record →
DOC-018
Walter Brown emails Dickens (3/13/2025 8:13PM)Email
Open record →
DOC-019
Dickens transit-mayor campaign (2021)Source document
Open record →
DOC-020
Dickens inaugural address (1/3/2022)Source document
Open record →
DOC-021
Atlanta selected as 2026 FIFA World Cup host city (6/16/2022)Source document
Open record →
DOC-022
Dickens rail-feasibility concerns (2/2024)Source document
Open record →
DOC-023
Tylin 101124 #5 · meeting coordinationSource document
Open record →
DOC-024
Inspector General resignation (2/17/2025)Source document
Open record →